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Organized baseball's been around since 1876, the Cubs and Reds being the first two teams. In the long history of baseball from 1876 through 1997, 121 years, 2 people had ever hit 60 home runs or more, Ruth and Maris. In the last four years, Sosa alone has done it three times. Same kind of percentages apply for number of players to hit 50+ homeruns in a season.
The ball is juiced, the stadiums are smaller, and because of expansion the pitching is weaker. The last two don't bother me that much. The ball being juiced really pisses me off, however. It's quickly getting so we can't compare statistics from previous years with current years. Baseball's losing that link to history.
(And don't forget the mysteriously shrinking strike zone).
And yet, the overall homer-to-at bat ratio hasn't risen proportionately in comparison to the number of 50+ home run seasons. It stands to reason that in spite of the factors you cite, some of it is that the top sluggers of our day are just plain better. Better training, better eyes, better whatever.
Of course, it would be fun to see what Babe Ruth could achieve with today's advantages.
As to not being able to compare eras, we never could. Who's better, the 1998 Yankees or the 2001 Mariners? Just 3 years, and I have no idea!
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